![]() II, 149) state that Caesar was killed in his 56th year of life ( periit sexto et quinquagesimo aetatis anno : atque in deorum numerum relatus est and ἐτελεύτησεν ἔτος ἄγων ἑκτὸν ἐπὶ πεντήκοντα). But Cassius Dio in his Roman History 47.18.6 states that he was actually born on the day of the ludi Apollinares (solemn games to the god Apollo), thus on 13 Quintilis (July), but that his birthday was celebrated on the previous day because "no other god than Apollo should be celebrated on this day". quartum Idus Quintiles Iulius procreatus, thus that he was born on 12 Quintilis (= July). Macrobius in his work Saturnalia I 12,34 states that a.d. Koch using the table given by Chris Bennett here.Ī complete list of Roman sources about the birth of Caesar is given in Paulys Real-Encyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft vol. The calendar conversion to the Julian calendar was made by D. ![]() Correct astronomical/astrological calculations require a Julian or Gregorian calendar date. This most probably corresponds to the Julian date 29 June 100 BCE (-99). sources, but 14 March in correct Julian calendar)Īccording to Roman sources, the birth date is 13 July 100 BCE (-99) in the old, pre-Julian Roman calendar. Death by Homicide 14 March 44 BC (-43) Jul.Cal.role played of/by Plummer, Christopher (born 13 December 1929).role played of/by Harrison, Rex (born 5 March 1908).Notes: Gielgud played Caesar in 1970 film, "Julius Caesar" role played of/by Gielgud, John (born 14 April 1904).role played of/by Gavin, John (born 8 April 1931).parent->adopted child relationship with Augustus, Roman Emperor (born 23 September 63 BC (-62) Jul.Cal.).Link to Wikipedia biography Relationships But the underlying political conflicts had not been resolved, and on the Ides of March (15 March) 44 BC, Caesar was assassinated by a group of rebellious senators led by Marcus Junius Brutus. He centralized the bureaucracy of the Republic and was eventually proclaimed "dictator in perpetuity", giving him additional authority. Civil war resulted, and Caesar's victory in the war put him in an unrivaled position of power and influence.Īfter assuming control of government, Caesar began a programme of social and governmental reforms, including the creation of the Julian calendar. Caesar refused the order, and instead marked his defiance in 49 BC by crossing the Rubicon with a legion, leaving his province and illegally entering Roman Italy under arms. With the Gallic Wars concluded, the Senate ordered Caesar to step down from his military command and return to Rome. These achievements granted him unmatched military power and threatened to eclipse the standing of Pompey, who had realigned himself with the Senate after the death of Crassus in 53 BC. Caesar became the first Roman general to cross both when he built a bridge across the Rhine and conducted the first invasion of Britain. Caesar's victories in the Gallic Wars, completed by 51 BC, extended Rome's territory to the English Channel and the Rhine. Their attempts to amass power as Populares were opposed by the Optimates within the Roman Senate, among them Cato the Younger with the frequent support of Cicero. In 60 BC, Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey formed a political alliance that dominated Roman politics for several years. ![]() He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire. Roman politician, general, and notable author of Latin prose. For correct astrological charts, the date must be given in the Julian calendar. (Note, common lexica including the Wikipedia give Caesar's birth date as 13 July, which however refers to the old Roman calendar. Photo: Gautier Poupeau, license cc-by-2.0 Biography Julius Caesar (The Tusculum portrait, perhaps the only surviving sculpture of Caesar made during his lifetime) ![]()
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